‘Mainstream American history, from the point of view of the white majority in the Northeast, Midwest and West Coast, is a story of military successes…’
The British are defeated, ensuring national independence. The Confederates are defeated, ensuring national unity. And in the 20th century the Axis and Soviet empires are defeated, ensuring (it is hoped) a free world. The white Southern narrative—at least in the dominant Southern conservative version—is one of defeat after defeat. First the attempt of white Southerners to create a new nation in which they can be the majority was defeated by the U.S. Army during the Civil War. Doomed to be a perpetual minority in a continental American nation-state, white Southerners managed for a century to create their own state-within-a-state, in which they could collectively lord it over the other major group in the region, African-Americans. But Southern apartheid was shattered by the second defeat, the Civil Rights revolution, which like the Civil War and Reconstruction was symbolized by the dispatching of federal troops to the South. The American patriotism of the white Southerner is therefore deeply problematic.
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![…the history of oppression and resistance in South Africa through some five hundred pictures, films, magazines, and related ephemera. It’s a terrible, engrossing story—from the marches to the massacres to the triumph of Nelson Mandela…
more [exhibit at NYC’s International Center of Photography].](http://25.media.tumblr.com/tumblr_md2vq5BxmT1qcwnv4o1_500.jpg)



